Laser point-quadrat sampling for estimating foliage-height profiles in broad-leaved forests
نویسندگان
چکیده
A technique for estimating the vertical distribution of foliage area in broad-leaved forests was developed. The technique is similar to optical point-quadrat sampling, where estimates are based on heights to the lowest leaves above numerous sample locations beneath a canopy. In optical point-quadrat sampling, heights to lowest leaves are measured with a telephoto lens. Here, heights were measured using a commercially available laser range-finding instrument. The laser point-quadrat technique was tested in field studies conducted under broad-leaved forest canopies in western North Carolina and east-central Minnesota, U.S.A. Foliage-height profiles obtained by laser point-quadrat sampling were consistent with two of four published foliage-height profiles observed in 1995 at the North Carolina field locations. Total leaf area estimates obtained by laser point quadrats were not significantly correlated with values of leaf area index estimated by recent litter fall analyses at the North Carolina and Minnesota field locations. Although further evaluation and refinement of the technique is needed, laser point-quadrat sampling shows promise as a means of obtaining foliage-height profiles at a significantly reduced effort and with greater accuracy than methods commonly in use today. Resume : Les auteurs ont mis au point une technique pour estimer la distribution verticale de la surface foliaire dans les forets feuillues. La technique est semblable a 1'echantillonnage optique par points-quadrats ou les estimes sont bases sur la hauteur des feuilles les plus basses au-dessus de nombreux points d'echantillonnage sous le couvert forestier. Dans le cas de 1'echantillonnage optique par points-quadrats, la hauteur des feuilles les plus basses est mesuree avec un teleobjectif. Ici, les hauteurs ont ete mesurees a 1'aide d'un instrument laser de mesure des distances disponible sur le marche. La technique d'echantillonnage au laser par points-quadrats a ete testee dans le cadre d'etudes sur le terrain realisees sous le couvert de forets feuillues situees dans 1'ouest de la Caroline du Nord et le centre-est du Minnesota, aux Etats-Unis. Les profils de hauteur du feuillage obtenus avec 1'echantillonnage au laser par points-quadrats sont consistants avec deux des quatre profils de hauteur du feuillage publics qui ont ete observes sur le terrain en 1995 dans les sites de la Caroline du Nord. Les estimes de la surface foliaire totale obtenus avec 1'echantillonnage au laser par points-quadrats n'etaient pas significativement correles avec les valeurs de 1'indice de surface foliaire determine par les analyses recentes de chute de litiere dans les sites de la Caroline du Nord et du Minnesota. Quoique la technique doive etre evaluee et raffinee davantage, 1'echantillonnage au laser par points-quadrats est un moyen prometteur pour obtenir des profils de hauteur du feuillage avec un effort significativement moindre et une meilleure precision que les methodes generalement utilisees aujourd'hui. [Traduit par la Redaction]
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